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Gold Mountain (Chinese name for part of North America)
Gold Mountain (, "Gam Saan" in Cantonese, often rendered in English as Gum Shan or Gumshan) is the name given by the Chinese to western regions of North America, particularly California, USA and British Columbia, Canada. After gold was found in the Sierra Nevada in 1848, thousands of Chinese from Toisan in Guangdong (), began to travel to California in search of gold and riches during the California Gold Rush.
The Chinese continue to refer to California and British Columbia as Gold Mountain, as evidenced by maps and returned Overseas Chinese. However, because gold was also discovered in Australia (and there was a great sojourning there, too) California was known as Old Gold Mountain (); although "Old Gold Mountain" now specifically refers to San Francisco (see the Chinese-language article 旧金山).
==History==
The name "Gold Mountain" was initially applied to California. Ships full of immigrants docked in San Francisco to disembark passengers, initially bound for the gold fields, but later to remain in the growing Chinese settlement in San Francisco. In the latter part of the 19th century, however, British Columbia also came to be referred to as "Gold Mountain" following the discovery of gold in the Fraser Canyon in the 1850s and the spread of Chinese settlers in British Columbia (which they also referred to as "The Colonies of T'ang" i.e. China).〔(''In the colonies of Tang : historical archaeology of Chinese communities in the north Cariboo district, British Columbia (1860s-1940s)'' / by Ying-ying Chen. c2001. )〕 The term thus broadened to mean "Western North America". The gold seekers in British Columbia first went to the Chinatown in Victoria, on the Colony of Vancouver Island, to obtain supplies. Victoria was the dominant political and economic centre before the economic ascendancy of Vancouver (which has its own Chinatown), and remains the official seat of political power in British Columbia today.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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